Sazerac

Addiction is a horrible thing, Lilly, but it is conquerable. I hope you are able to quit smoking.

"cravings for a smoke is always there" This is untrue. Cravings exist while you maintain your addiction to nicotine. When you quit nicotine, cravings fade away.

Have a splendid birthday, Jenny !

I appreciate our Mods very, very much. Their work makes this place nice and clear and clean. Thank y'all so much.

NOPE NOPE NOPE NOPE NOPE

Happy 60, Opah ! So glad you are smoke free.

Congratulations on being nicotine FREE ! That is marvelous. Continue to reward yourself especially as your mouth is hurting. Hang in there, it will get better, I promise.

Quitting is serious business and not often a walk in the park in the beginning. You must 'Embrace The Suck' as our friend, The Sarge, says and hold tight to your resolve. Your commitment to yourself is fundamental as is understanding the addiction. The rewards are innumerable and you will never regret quitting you will only regret not quitting sooner.

Interesting article from American NonSmokers Rights Foundation. Electronic Smoking Devices and Secondhand Aerosol Electronic smoking devices (or ESDs), which are often called e-cigarettes, heat and vaporize a solution that typically contains nicotine. The devices are metal or plastic tubes that contain a cartridge filled with a liquid that is vaporized by a battery-powered heating element. The aerosol is inhaled by the user when they draw on the device, as they would a regular tobacco cigarette, and the user exhales the aerosol into the environment. “If you are around somebody who is using e-cigarettes, you are breathing an aerosol of exhaled nicotine, ultra-fine particles, volatile organic compounds, and other toxins.” Dr. Stanton Glantz, Director for the Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education at the University of California, San Francisco. Current Legislative Landscape As of October 1, 2018, 789 municipalities and 12 states include electronic smoking devices as products that are prohibited from use in smokefree environments. Constituents of Secondhand Aerosol Electronic smoking devices (ESDs) do not just emit “harmless water vapor.” Secondhand aerosol (incorrectly called vapor by the industry) from ESDs contains nicotine, ultrafine particles and low levels of toxins that are known to cause cancer. ESD aerosol is made up of a high concentration of ultrafine particles, and the particle concentration is higher than in conventional tobacco cigarette smoke.1 Exposure to fine and ultrafine particles may exacerbate respiratory ailments like asthma, and constrict arteries which could trigger a heart attack.2 ESD aerosol particles are smaller than 1000 nanometers, which is a similar size to tobacco smoke and diesel engine smoke, and bystanders can be exposed to this aerosol. “The exact size distribution depends on the chemical composition of the electronic cigarette liquid, the e-cigarette device operation, and user vaping preferences.”3 At least 10 chemicals identified in ESD aerosol are on California’s Proposition 65 list of carcinogens and reproductive toxins, also known as the Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986. The compounds that have already been identified in mainstream (MS) or secondhand (SS) ESD aerosol include: Acetaldehyde (MS), Benzene (SS), Cadmium (MS), Formaldehyde (MS,SS), Isoprene (SS), Lead (MS), Nickel (MS), Nicotine (MS, SS), N- Nitrosonornicotine (MS, SS), Toluene (MS, SS).4,5 ESDs contain and emit propylene glycol, a chemical that is used as a base in ESD solution and is one of the primary components in the aerosol emitted by ESDs. Short term exposure causes eye, throat, and airway irritation.6 Long term inhalation exposure can result in children developing asthma.7 Even though propylene glycol is FDA approved for use in some products, the inhalation of vaporized nicotine in propylene glycol is not. Some studies show that heating propylene glycol changes its chemical composition, producing small amounts of propylene oxide, a known carcinogen.8 There are metals in ESD aerosol, including chromium, nickel, and tin nanoparticles.9 FDA scientists found detectable levels of carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamines in ESD aerosol.10 People exposed to ESD aerosol absorb nicotine (measured as cotinine), with one study showing levels comparable to passive smokers.11 Diethylene Glycol, a poisonous organic compound, was also detected in ESD aerosol.12 Exhaled ESD aerosol contained propylene glycol, glycerol, flavorings, and nicotine, along with acetone, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propanal, diacetin, and triacitine.13 Many of the elements identified in the aerosol are known to cause respiratory distress and disease. The aerosol contained particles >1 µm comprised of tin, silver, iron, nickel, aluminum, and silicate and nanoparticles (<100 nm) of tin, chromium and nickel. The concentrations of nine of eleven elements in ESD aerosol were higher than or equal to the corresponding concentrations in conventional cigarette smoke.14 ESDs cause exposure to different chemicals than found in conventional cigarettes and there is a need for risk evaluation for both primary and passive exposure to the aerosol in smokers and nonsmokers.15 Short term use of ESD has been shown to increase respiratory resistance and impair lung function, which may result in difficulty breathing.16 The first study to look at exposure to aerosol from ESDs in real-use conditions found that non- smokers who were exposed to conventional cigarette smoke and ESD aerosol absorbed similar levels of nicotine.17 The American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) has concluded that ESDs emit harmful chemicals into the air and need to be regulated in the same manner as tobacco smoking. The “E-cigarettes do not produce a vapor (gas), but rather a dense visible aerosol of liquid sub-micron droplets consisting of glycols, nicotine, and other chemicals, some of which are carcinogenic (e.g., formaldehyde, metals like cadmium, lead, & nickel, and nitrosamines).”18 ESD aerosol is a source of high doses of particles being deposited in the human respiratory system.19 ESD exposure damages lung tissues. Human lung cells that are exposed to ESD aerosol and flavorings—especially cinnamon— show increased oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.20 Concentrations of formaldehyde are higher than concentrations of nicotine in some samples of ESD aerosol. Formaldehyde is created when propylene glycol and glycerol are heated to temperatures reached by commercially available ESDs operating at high voltage.21 Flavorings are a largely unrecognized potential hazard of ESDs. Diacetyl and acetyl propionyl are present in many sweet-flavored ESDs, and are approved by the FDA for food use (ingestion), but are not evaluated and approved for heating and inhalation, and are associated with respiratory disease when inhaled.22 High doses of diacetyl, used to flavor buttered popcorn, have been shown to cause acute-onset bronchiolitis obliterans, a severe and irreversible obstructive lung disease when inhaled by workers exposed to particulate aerosolized flavorings containing diacetyl.23 Therefore, these chemicals cannot be deemed “generally recognized as safe” for inhalation. Nanoparticles in ESD aerosol are much smaller than the particles in tobacco smoke and are present in much higher concentrations. Toxic chemicals attached to nanoparticles may have greater adverse health effects than when these toxins are attached to larger tobacco smoke particles.24 Nanoparticles are more easily and deeply breathed into the lungs of the user and bystander. ESD aerosols contain carbonyls at levels which can have cardiovascular toxicity. While ESD aerosol has lower levels of toxins than tobacco smoke, toxins from the aerosol may still have a significant cardiovascular impact because cardiovascular disease has a nonlinear dose-response, which means that high risk is possible with relatively low exposure.25 Human lung cells exposed to ESD aerosol and copper nanoparticles show signs of inflammatory stress and DNA fragmentation.26 ESD use alters the physical appearance of airways and may impact the development of chronic lung disease. The airways of people who use ESDs appear redder than the airways of both people who smoke and nonsmokers.27 ESDs that operate using a single-coil heating element produce much higher levels of toxins than double-coil devices across different e-liquids. Double-coil devices produce aerosol at lower temperatures while single-coil devices produce aerosol at higher temperatures.28 Daily ESD users have double the risk of heart attack, and the dual use of ESDs and conventional cigarettes— which is the most common use pattern among ESD users—is more dangerous than using either product alone.29 There is a risk of thirdhand exposure to nicotine released from ESD aerosol that deposits on indoor surfaces.30 The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that ESDs not be used indoors, especially in smokefree environments, in order to minimize the risk to bystanders of breathing in the aerosol emitted by the devices and to avoid undermining the enforcement of smokefree laws.30 Chemicals from ESDs can drift through multi-unit buildings and deposit on surfaces in spaces where ESDs are not being used.31 Overall, ESDs are a new source of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and ultrafine/fine particles in the indoor environment, thus resulting in “passive vaping.”32 The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that ESDs not be used indoors, especially in smokefree environments, in order to minimize the risk to bystanders of breathing in the aerosol emitted by the devices and to avoid undermining the enforcement of smokefree laws.33 The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommends that employers “establish and maintain smoke-free workplaces that protect those in workplaces from involuntary, secondhand exposures to tobacco smoke and airborne emissions from e-cigarettes and other electronic nicotine delivery systems.”34 The American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) also recommends that ESDs be included in smokefree laws: “Because e-cigarettes are a potential source of pollutants (such as airborne nicotine, flavorings, and thermal degradation products), their use in the indoor environment should be restricted, consistent with current smoking bans, until and unless research documents that they will not significantly increase the risk of adverse health effects to room occupants.”35 The American Public Health Association adopted a resolution, “Supporting Regulation of Electronic Cigarettes,” that outlines seven action steps including, “States and municipalities [should] enact and enforce laws… prohibiting the use of e-cigarettes in all enclosed areas of public access and places of employment. These standards should be incorporated into existing clean indoor air laws.”36 The American Association for Cancer Research and the American Society of Clinical Oncology supports prohibiting the use of ESDs in smokefree spaces until the safety of second- and thirdhand aerosol exposure is established.37 ESD aerosol is a new source of pollution and toxins being emitted into the environment. We do not know the long-term health effects of ESD use and ' although the industry marketing of the product implies that these products are harmless, the aerosol that ESD emit is not purely water vapor. May be reprinted with appropriate attribution to American Nonsmokers’ Rights Foundation. Copyright 2018 American Nonsmokers’ Rights Foundation REFERENCES Fuoco, F.C.; Buonanno, G.; Stabile, L.; Vigo, P., “Influential parameters on particle concentration and size distribution in the mainstream of e-cigarettes,” Environmental Pollution 184: 523-529, January 2014. Grana, R; Benowitz, N; Glantz, S. “Background Paper on E-cigarettes,” Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco and WHO Collaborating Center on Tobacco Control. December 2013. Thornburg, J.; Malloy, Q.; Cho, S.; Studabaker, W.; Lee, Y.O., “Exhaled electronic cigarette emissions: what’s your secondhand exposure?,” RTI Press Research Brief: 1-4, March 2015. Goniewicz, M.L.; Knysak, J.; Gawron, M.; Kosmider, L.; Sobczak, A.; Kurek, J.; Prokopowicz, A.; Jablonska-Czapla, M.; Rosik-Dulewska, C.; Havel, C.; Jacob, P.; Benowitz, N., “Levels of selected carcinogens and toxicants in vapour from electronic cigarettes,” Tobacco Control [Epub ahead of print], March 6, 2013. Williams, M.; Villarreal, A.; Bozhilov, K.; Lin, S.; Talbot, P., “Metal and silicate particles including nanoparticles are present in electronic cigarette cartomizer fluid and aerosol,” PLoS ONE 8(3): e57987, March 20, 2013. Wieslander, G; Norbäck, D; Lindgren, T. “Experimental exposure to propylene glycol mist in aviation emergency training: acute ocular and respiratory effects.” Occupational and Environmental Medicine 58:10 649-655, 2001. Choi, H; Schmidbauer,N; Spengler,J; Bornehag, C., “Sources of Propylene Glycol and Glycol Ethers in Air at Home,” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 7(12): 4213–4237, December 2010. Henderson, TR; Clark, CR; Marshall, TC; Hanson, RL; & Hobbs, CH. “Heat degradation studies of solar heat transfer fluids,” Solar Energy, 27, 121-128. 1981. Williams, M.; Villarreal, A.; Bozhilov, K.; Lin, S.; Talbot, P., “Metal and silicate particles including nanoparticles are present in electronic cigarette cartomizer fluid and aerosol,” PLoS ONE 8(3): e57987, March 20, 2013. Westenberger, B.J., “Evaluation of e-cigarettes,” St. Louis, MO: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, May 4, 2009. Flouris, A.D.; Chorti, M.S.; Poulianiti, K.P.; Jamurtas, A.Z.; Kostikas, K.; Tzatzarakis, M.N.; Wallace, H.A.; Tsatsaki, A.M.; Koutedakis, Y., “Acute impact of active and passive electronic cigarette smoking on serum cotinine and lung function,” Inhalation Toxicology 25(2): 91-101, February 2013. Westenberger, B.J., “Evaluation of e-cigarettes,” St. Louis, MO: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, May 4, 2009. Schripp, T.; Markewitz, D.; Uhde, E.; Salthammer, T., “Does e-cigarette consumption cause passive vaping?,” Indoor Air 23(1): 25-31, February 2013. Williams, M.; Villarreal, A.; Bozhilov, K.; Lin, S.; Talbot, P., “Metal and silicate particles including nanoparticles are present in electronic cigarette cartomizer fluid and aerosol,” PLoS ONE 8(3): e57987, March 20, 2013. Pellegrino, R.M.; Tinghino, B.; Mangiaracina, G.; Marani, A.; Vitali, M.; Protano, C.; Osborn, J.F.; Cattaruzza, M.S., “Electronic cigarettes: an evaluation of exposure to chemicals and fine particulate matter (PM),” Annali Di Igiene 24(4):279-88, July-August 2012. Vardavas, C.I.; Anagnostopoulos, N.; Kougias, M.; Evangelopoulou, V.; Connolly, G.N.; Behrakis, P.K., “Short-term pulmonary effects of using an electronic cigarette: impact on respiratory flow resistance, impedance, and exhaled nitric oxide,” Chest 141(6): 1400-1406, June 2012. “Cigarettes vs. e-cigarettes: Passive exposure at home measured by means of airborne marker and biomarkers.” Environmental Research, Volume 135, November 2014. Offermann, Bud. “The Hazards of E-Cigarettes.” ASHRAE Journal, June 2014. Manigrasso, M.; Buonanno, G.; Fuoco, F.C.; Stabile, L.; Avino, P., “Aerosol deposition doses in the human respiratory tree of electronic cigarette smokers,” Environmental Pollution 196: 257-267, January 2015. Lerner CA, Sundar IK, Yao H, Gerloff J, Ossip DJ, McIntosh S, et al. “Vapors Produced by Electronic Cigarettes and E-Juices with Flavorings Induce Toxicity, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammatory Response in Lung Epithelial Cells and in Mouse Lung,” PLoS ONE 10(2): e0116732, February 6, 2015. Jensen, R.P.; Luo, W.; Pankow, J.F.; Strongin, R.M.; Peyton, D.H., “Hidden formaldehyde in e-cigarette aerosols,” New England Journal of Medicine 372: 392-394, January 22, 2015. Konstantinos E. Farsalinos, KE; Kistler, KA; Gilman, G; Voudris, V., “Evaluation of electronic cigarette liquids and aerosol for the presence of selected inhalation toxins,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research 17(2): 168-174, February 2015. “Preventing Lung Disease in Workers: Who Use or Make Flavorings,” National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication Number 2004–110, December 2003. Mikheev, V.B.; Brinkman, M.C.; Granville, C.A.; Gordon, S.M.; Clark, P.I., “Real-time measurement of electronic cigarette aerosol size distribution and metals content analysis,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Epub ahead of print], May 4, 2016. Bhatnagar, A. “E-cigarettes and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: Evaluation of Evidence, Policy Implications, and Recommendations,” Current Cardiovascular Risk Report 10: 24, July 2016. Lerner, C.A.; Rutagarama, P.; Ahmad, T.; Sundar, I.K.; Elder, A.; Rahman, I., “Electronic cigarette aerosols and copper nanoparticles induce mitochondrial stress and promote DNA fragmentation in lung fibroblasts,” Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 477(4): 620-625, September 2, 2016. Ghosh, A., Coakley, R. C., Mascenik, T., Rowell, T. R., Davis, E. S., Rogers, K., … Tarran, R. (2018). Chronic e-cigarette exposure alters the human bronchial epithelial proteome. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 198(1), 67-76. DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201710-2033OC Sleiman, et al. “Emissions from Electronic Cigarettes: Key Parameters Affecting the Release of Harmful Chemicals.” Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Journal of Environmental Science Technology. July 27, 2016. Talal Alzahrani, Ivan Pena, Nardos Temesgen,Stanton A. Glantz. Association Between Electronic Cigarette Use and Myocardial Infarction. Am J Prev Med 2018; Published online ahead of print 22-AUG-2018 DOI information: 10.1016/j.amepre.2018.05.004. Goniewicz, M.L.; Lee, L., “Electronic cigarettes are a source of thirdhand exposure to nicotine,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research [Epub ahead of print], August 30, 2014. Khachatoorian C, Jacob III P, Benowitz NL, et al. Electronic cigarette chemicals transfer from a vape shop to a nearby business in a multiple-tenant retail building. Tobacco Control Published Online First: 29 August 2018. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054316. Schripp, T.; Markewitz, D.; Uhde, E.; Salthammer, T., “Does e-cigarette consumption cause passive vaping?,” Indoor Air 23(1): 25-31, February 2013. World Health Organization (WHO), “Electronic nicotine delivery systems,” World Health Organization (WHO), 2014. “Promoting Health and Preventing Disease and Injury Through Workplace Tobacco Policies,” National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Current Intelligence Bulletin 67, April 2015. “White Paper: Electronic Cigarettes in the Indoor Environment,” American Industrial Hygiene Association, October 19, 2014. American Public Health Association. “Supporting regulation of electronic cigarettes,” APHA Policy Statement Number 20149, November 18, 2014. Brandon, T.H.; Goniewicz, M.L.; Hanna, N.H.; Hatsukami, D.K.; Herbst, R.S.; Hobin, J.A.; Ostroff, J.S.; Shields, P.G.; Toll, B.A.; Tyne, C.A.; Viswanath, K.; Warren, G.W., “Electronic nicotine delivery systems: a policy statement from the American Association for Cancer Research and the American Society of Clinical Oncology,” Journal of Clinical Oncology [Epub ahead of print], January 8, 2015.

NOPE NOPE NOPE NOPE NOPE

Congratulations Aine ! Five Years of Freedom is wonderful, innit ! Love to you and to The Comrade. You both helped me in my quit and I am so grateful for your posts.

Congratulations on your THREE MONTHS of Freedom !

Krewe of Barkus Mardi Gras Parade (you will see @BAT and my friend, Tracey, with The King, Stanley) Barkus

Congratulations on your SIX MONTHS of Freedom, Parsley !

NOPE NOPE NOPE NOPE NOPE

Happy, Happy Birthday, Beazel !

You might find this thread with our anecdotal evidence helpful First Week, Nicotine Free Congratulations to you for EVERY day, EVERY moment of your new FREEDOM ! After a few days, nicotine free you will start to feel SO much better but, don't jeopardize your quit. Stay with patches if patches are what you need. I say, you will feel SO much better because you will begin to stop the cycle of nicotine. There may be discomfort but, psychologically KNOWING you are free is a great feeling and this helps you through the hard slogs. Remember when you crave to think about H. A. L. T. Are you ? Hungry (thirsty) Angry (emotional) Lonesome (bored) Tired

Congratulations, Stzr on your TWO YEARS of FREEDOM ! The rewards will continue to delight you.

Congratulations Jordan on your FOUR YEARS of FREEDOM. Celebrate wildly and continue to reward yourself.

and from our friend, Sirius,

NOPE NOPE NOPE NOPE NOPE

Welcome, Icanhike ! Congratulations on quitting ELEVEN days ago ! That is GREAT. Please reward yourself, it is part of the healing. The Significance of Rewards You will be astounded at the capacity of your lungs to heal and I am sure you will notice a huge difference v. quickly. Protect your quit. You are doing the best work you can do and will reap benefits you never dreamed of. Spend time learning all you can about Nicotine addiction. This will facilitate a successful quit. Knowledge is Power. We are here to support you in every way we can. Take some time, stroll around the site. We know exactly what you are going through and it is exciting to see you be a hero to yourself.

Evelyn. This is not about a god or a prayer. It is about you making a commitment and sticking to it and so far, you aren't committing to your quit. You NOPE'd this morning, was that a joke ? Stop smoking. Quit the fcuking around already. You have been screwing around since April 2014, what is different now ?

18 hey now y'all